In 1453 Ottoman Empire (Turks) took control over Constantinople it was the largest and richest urban center in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea during the late Eastern Roman Empire, mostly as a result of its strategic position commanding the trade routes between the Aegean Sea and the Black Sea. Thereafter, Vasco-da-Gama, a Portuguese explorer, with a fleet of four ships started a historical journey around Africa to India on 8 July 1497.The fleet arrived in Kappadu near Calicut, India on 20 May 1498.